OVERVIEW OF HOT AND COLD AISLE CABINET DATA CENTRE:
In the current fast-paced technological environment, effectively managing data centers has become an essential element for organizations aiming to enhance performance and minimize operational expenses. A key aspect of achieving this goal involves adopting hot and cold aisle containment strategies within server racks. Hot and cold aisle racks are the configurations used in data centers to optimize airflow and temperature control. The hot aisle contains equipment that expels hot air, while the cold aisle draws in cool air to maintain ideal operating conditions for servers and other hardware. By segregating airflow and strategically managing temperature variations, hot and cold aisle configurations play a pivotal role in maintaining the ideal operating conditions for IT equipment and improves overall efficiency. Carefully positioning of servers and racks in hot aisle is the key to ensuring proper airflow management. When setting up cold aisle racks in a data center, airflow direction and enclosure design are crucial factors to consider. Additionally, positioning of close control air conditioner (CCU) should facilitate proper airflow management to maximize cooling efficiency. Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) analysis offers a wide range of advantages, including the enhancement of energy efficiency and optimization of cooling systems. It also aids in reducing downtime, improving equipment performance, and achieving significant cost savings.
CLOSE CONTROL AIR CONDITIONER ( CCU)
CCU, also known as a close control air conditioner, a computer room air conditioner, or a server room air conditioner, is designed to regulate temperature and humidity to a precise fixed point. It comprises of an Indoor evaporator module and a condensing module. Additionally, the system includes a humidifier, a reheater, and a safety thermostat. The microprocessor is responsible for managing the entire unit and has the necessary capabilities to interact with other units to ensure environmental conditions are met.
3D CAD MODEL DEVELOPMENT
The 3D CAD model of the data center is created using PTC Creo CAD software, utilizing the layout drawings provided by our client. The model is meticulously developed to meet the requirements for conducting CFD analysis.
CFD Mesh
Due to the large dimensions of the CAD model, it has been divided into four parts and a CFD mesh has been generated for each individual part. These meshed models are then assembled, ensuring that proper interfaces are provided according to the best practices in the CFD industry. The overall mesh count amounts to 24 million cells, comprising a combination of Polyhedral and Hexahedral elements (Poly Hex core mesh). The quality of the mesh has been maintained in accordance with the best practices in the CFD industry.
CFD Modelling
The flow is modelled as 3D, steady state, viscous and Incompressible. Turbulence closure is implemented using the K-Omega SST Turbulence model. Fan boundaries are applied at specific locations. Conjugate heat transfer effects are taken into consideration in the CFD analysis, while heat dissipation is simulated using a volumetric heat load approach.
FLOW DEVELOPMENT
Maintaining efficient airflow in data center racks is crucial for ensuring optimal equipment performance and extending the lifespan of servers. Within the current data center, there are a total of 18 CCU units, with 2 of them serving as redundant units. These 16 CCU units work together to distribute the airflow across 16 rows of racks. Through CFD analysis, we have examined various combinations of CCU operation, and the results indicate that the air flow within the data center is deemed satisfactory.
TEMPERATURE FIELD
Through CFD analysis, we have examined various combinations of CCU operation, and the results indicate that the air flow within the data center is deemed satisfactory and maximum temperature within the data center unit is 29 Degree Celsius. Hence it was concluded that the proposed cooling design is adequate.
The results of the CFD analysis indicate that the cooling system implemented for this data centre is adequate, and there is a sufficient level of redundancy in place.
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